Typology and Conspiracy

As a philosophy of history, typology highlights the unintended consequences of our actions, the unintended meanings of our words.

Conspiracy theories have no room for unintended events. If something happened, someone somewhere planned it.

Typology and conspiracy are competing theories of history.

Next
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE

Of Roots and Adventures

Peter J. Leithart

I have lived in Ohio, Michigan, Georgia (twice), Pennsylvania, Alabama (also twice), England, and Idaho. I left…

Our Most Popular Articles of 2025

The Editors

It’s been a big year for First Things. Our website was completely redesigned, and stories like the…

Our Year in Film & Television—2025

Various

First Things editors and writers share the most memorable films and TV shows they watched this year.…